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雅思阅读逻辑关系词介绍.

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  雅思考试中,阅读部分的文章是很多变的,但是如果抓住雅思阅读中几个关键的技巧的话,难度并不高,文章再怎么变也会有一定内在的逻辑主线,因此雅思阅读中的逻辑关系词就成了抓住主线的一个重要线索,下面就是澳际小编整理的雅思阅读中的逻辑关系词的两个重点。

  雅思阅读逻辑关系词一、语意推断

  语意推断主要是运用于重点题型之一的摘要题(Summary)。具体是指根据空格所在句及前后句的逻辑关系词,分析词语之间,句子之间的语意关系,推断出所缺单词的大致含义。

  例如:

  1.剑4 / P77 / Q38

  Some corpora include a wide range of language while others are used to focus on a particular linguistic feature.

  根据while这个表示对比或转折的逻辑关系词,可以判断它前后部分是对比或反义关系。“a wide range of language”指的是语言研究的广泛的各个方面,可以预判空格处应是指具体的方面。

  2.剑1 / P20 / Q4-5

  The very first fire-lighting methods involved the creation of friction by, for example, rapidly rotating a wooden stick in a round hole.

  根据介词“by”和“for example”这个表示举例的逻辑关系词,可以预判第二个空格应是和“creation of friction”(产生摩擦)的具体动作有关的词。

  3.剑1 / P20 / Q6

  The use of percussion or persistent chipping was also widespread in Europe …

  根据表示并列的逻辑关系词or,可以判断它前后部分是并列关系。Chipping是“削,凿”的意思,可以预判空格处应是类似意思的词。

  雅思阅读逻辑关系词二、定位

  根据对历年真题的总结分析,雅思阅读考试的一个重要规律是:题干中的句子之间,词语之间的逻辑关系在原文中一般不变(但表现方式可能会变)。这一规律使得逻辑关系词可以有效地协助题干关键词在原文中定位答案信息源。尤其在摘要题(Summary)中这一方法使用频率很高。

  例如:

  1.剑5 / P50 / Q30-31

  题干:In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English had neither the technical vocabulary nor the grammatical resources to express their ideas.

  原文:First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world … (Para.7)

  题干中出现的neither…nor…是连接两个否定概念的并列逻辑关系词。原文中对应出现了完全相同的逻辑关系,即first, it lacked …, second it lacked …(表现方式有所变化)。我们可根据这种对应的逻辑关系在原文中快速定位答案信息源。

  2.剑5 / P50 / Q33-34

  题干:Although English was then overtaken by German, it developed again in the 19th century as a direct result of the industrial revolution.

  原文:In the following century much of this momentum was lost as German established itself as the leading European language of science. … However, in the 19th century scientific English again enjoyed substantial lexical growth as the industrial revolution created the need for new technical vocabulary.

  题干中出现的两种逻辑关系均在原文中对应出现。一是表示转折关系的although, 对应于原文中的however;二是表示因果关系的as a direct result of 对应于原文中表因果的逻辑关系词as。很显然,这对于题干信息的定位意义重大。

  3.剑5 / P70 / Q25-26

  题干:To deal with this, Stanley suggests the use of artificial floods in the short term, and increasing the amount of water available through desalination in the longer term.

  原文:In the immediate future, Stanley believes that one solution would be to make artificial floods to flush out the delta waterways, in the same way that natural floods did bore the construction of the dams. He says, however, that in the long term an alternative process such as desalination may have to be used to increase the amount of water available.

  题干中出现了表示递进的逻辑关系词in the short term … in the longer term …。快速查读原文,可定位于文中相同的逻辑结构in the immediate future … in the long term …。

  另外,对雅思真题文章进行精读训练的同学会发现,除了以上两大功能之外,逻辑关系词在原文中的位置还常常是命题考点最集中的地方。因此学习和掌握逻辑关系词在阅读中的功能和作用,将对提高答题的速度起关键性的作用。同时,能够熟练运用逻辑关系词对于写出条理清楚,层次分明的雅思作文也大有帮助。

  总之,如果抓好了雅思阅读中的逻辑关系词,那么也就是从词和句这个层面上抓住了雅思阅读的逻辑主线,往往来说,雅思阅读中很多解题点的设置也在这些逻辑关系词的前后。

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