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GRE难句解析及训练指导(十七).

刚刚更新 编辑: 浏览次数:182 移动端

  对于新GRE阅读来说,除了逻辑关系以外,最难的部分就是新GRE阅读长难句理解的问题了。长难句解读是新GRE阅读考试的一个考点,在美国读研中,也经常会碰到长句、难句。所以复习好GRE阅读长难句不仅对于考试,更是对于美国留学都是非常有好处的功课。下面将为大家进行GRE长难句复习解析,帮助考生们攻克这一难关。

  49.Most striking among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish is eye placement:bore maturity one eye migrates,so that in an adult flatfish both eyes are on the same side of the head.(3+)

  在一条成年比目鱼身上显著存在的诸多不对称(asymmetry)特征中,最为吸人注目的是眼睛的摆位:在成年之前,一只眼睛发生移动,因此在成年比目鱼身上,两只眼睛均位于头部的同一侧面。

  难句类型:倒装、省略

  解释:本句的倒装本质上与我们早就的一种倒装结构是一样的,即形容词放在句首时,主语和谓语倒装。本句的主干的正常语序应该是:Eye placement is most striking;倒装后成了Most striking is eye placement。但是这种倒装在GRE考试中出现,又有了新的特色,被提到句首的Most striking被长长的状语among the many asymmetries evident in an adult flatfish与后面的主语和表语分开,造成阅读困难。

  意群训练:Most strikingamong the many asymmetriesevident inan adult flatfishis eye placement:bore maturityone eye migrates,so that inan adult flatfishboth eyes areon the same side ofthe head.

  50. A critique of Handlin’s interpretation of why legal slavery did not appear until the 1660’s suggests that assumptions about the relation between slavery and racial prejudice should be reexamined, and that explanations for the different treatment of Black slaves in North and South America should be expanded.(4)

  一个对于H的关于为何法律上的奴隶制没有在17世纪60年代以前出现的原因所作解释的批评显示,关于奴隶制和种族偏见之间的关系的假说应当重新检查,而且显示出,对于在北美和南美之间的对黑怒的不同处理的解释应当被扩展。

  难句类型:复杂修饰、省略

  解释:句子的主干清楚:A critique suggests that…, and suggests that…。但是因为句子的结构复杂、修饰成分多,再加上后面的and 之后的suggests被省略,所以句子的结构很难被读出来的。

  本句的suggest不再是暗示,而是显示、说明的意思,其同义词有point,indicate,imply。本句的两个suggest之后的宾语从句都根据语法要求使用了虚拟语气。

  意群训练:A critiqueof Handlin’s interpretationof why legal slaverydid not appearuntil the 1660’ssuggests thatassumptions aboutthe relation betweenslavery and racial prejudiceshould be reexamined , and that explanationsfor the different treatmentof Black slaves in North and South Americashould be expanded .

  51.The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands,islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle,are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the mid-ocean ridge system,whose source,most geologists contend,is the upper mantle.(5 -)

  对于地幔分层论点来说,最好的证据乃这样一个确认的事实,即在那些海洋岛屿——这些岛屿据信是源于由下层地幔升上来的地幔柱状溶岩流(mantle plume)——上发现的火山岩石,是由与海洋中部山脊系统的物质根本不同的物质构成的,而这一海洋中部山脊系统的成因,大多数地质学家论辩道,为上部地幔。

  难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语

  解释:本句前面的主干并不算难,即the evidence is the fact that,难就难在fact之后说明fact 的同位语从句。此从句中既有大段插入语,又有从句,较为难读。同位语从句的主语是volcanic rocks,主语后面的found on oceanic islands是分词修饰volcanic rocks的;islands后面又有一个说明islands的同位语islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle,此同位语实际起到一个分隔主谓的同位语的作用。其后是谓语动词are composed/of fundamentally different from that of the mid-ocean ridge system, whose source, most geologists contend, is the upper mantle。

  句中有一些专有词汇。如果抛开文章不说,单看这一个句子,则句首的layered mantle thesis就难以理解。但是如果读者能够读懂句子的大致意思,看到layered mantle thesis最有力证据就是其材料fundamentally different from… the upper mantle,这应该可以推测出,既然不同于上层地幔,则这个理论一定是在说地幔有不同的层面。

  意群训练:The best evidencor thelayered-mantle thesisis the well-established fact thatvolcanic rocksfound on oceanic islands,islands believed toresult from mantle plumesarising fromthe lower mantle,are composed of materialfundamentally differentfrom that of themid-ocean ridge system,whose source,most geologists contend,is the upper mantle.

  以上就是新GRE阅读长难句复习的一些分析,将各种长难句进行分类,并将其中的重点提炼,进行讲解。做到举一反三的进行复习。希望考生们掌握这些新GRE阅读长难句的难点及特点,在考试乃至未来的留学生活中都获得理想的成果。

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