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美国大学商科人力资源HR硕士专业分析

刚刚更新 编辑: 美国 浏览次数:217 移动端

美国HR申请系列之一:对申请美国 HR 相关事宜的基本介绍

在此,我就美国HR的申请做简单介绍如下:

1. HR在美国的称法大致分为两种:一是Industrial Relations;二是 HumanResource Management;那些OB/OL/OS之类的专业和HR在很大程度上是不同的,专业课的设置有很大区别。IR/HR在课程设置上偏重于industrialrealtions, collective bargaining, compensation,,employment management, data-based decisionmaking之类的HR基础和高级课程,OB/OS/OL偏重于organizationalbehavior, strategic organizational studies, organizational change, qualityassessment之类的组织心理学、组织行为学及人才测评学课程。毕业后,在企业录用时,IR/HRmaster的毕业生比较吃香,但是OS/OB/OL的PhD毕业生相对比HR PhD毕业的要更容易找academicposition,因为就业可选范围更广。到2005年8月为止,全美开设正规HR master的学校才34所,另有几所开了HROL/OBHR的master。总的招生人数有限,相比会计金融那些专业的招生总人数,只是零头而已。而每年申请HR的人数众多,因为HR现在在国外非常的popular。所以,这也造成了HR比较难申。

2. 大部分的美国学校,尤其是排名比较好的学校,HR通常都放在商学院下;对于那些排名在150以后的学校,HR通常是挂靠在劳动关系中心或是文学院下面。当然,有几个极好的program,HR都是有专门的School ofLabor Relations/Industrial Relations。需要指出的是,商学院HR毕业后的起薪要高出文学院或是劳动关系中心下的HR毕业后起薪20%-30%左右。举个例子,PSU(PennState Univ.)的HR挂靠在文学院下面,HR的master毕业平均起薪才5.2万左右(很多人是因为念master之前已经有多年工作经验,所以起薪高,从而带动了整体的起薪);而UMN(Univ.ofMinnesota)的HR是挂靠在Carlson商学院下,HR的master毕业平均起薪是8万。但是这个起薪是有差异因素的,因为每个念master的人自身的工作经历不一,所以毕业后担当的职位等级也不一;更何况还要考虑地区差异。根据目前统计的数据来看,UMN HRmaster毕业后在当地就业的,平均年薪只有77,332。而很多毕业后去Chicago的学生的年薪都已经超过了8万;当然,这其实还和你念master前的工作经历有一定的关系。如果是本科毕业就念master,那么毕业后一般只能做specialist,年薪只有6万多一点(还要考虑地区差异的因素),也可能只有5万;而如果你念master之前就已经有不错的工作经历,那么读完后可能会做seniorspecialist(平均年薪大概7万左右),asst.director(8万-10万左右), 甚至associatemanager或者manager(年薪大多12万-20万)。明尼苏达大学HR master毕业生平均起薪之所以那么高,跟录取的人大多具有多年的工作经验还是有一定关系的。这批人毕业后都是至少从SeniorSpecialist做起,所以自然抬高了整体的平均起薪。Rutgers的HRM master毕业生,平均年薪也在$67,000左右,算是很高了

3. 奖学金的问题关键还是看自身实力。TOEFL只是敲门砖,达到这个学校要求的最低线就可以了;录取委员会在评价你的材料时,通常只看这几样:GMAT/GRE,GPA & Rank,PS,rerence letter,  sample of written work,essay,workexperience 。有些学校还会向ETS申请要你的GMAT/GRE作文作为评价你写作能力的参考。下面,我给出我的一些基本情况,供大家参考:本科毕业于南京某大学,专业就是HR,GMAT 730,OverallGPA 3.17,MajorGPA 3.40,rank 7th out of 103,推荐信三封(两位教授加一位副教授,其中副教授是教industrialrelations这门课的老师),本科期间发表了3篇论文(其中1篇是学位论文)。申请了9所大学的HR master,拿到1个fellowship,3个RA,4个admission,1个拒(现在琢磨了一下,似乎是因为我没考TSE??)。PhD申请了4所,拿到了两个全奖,1个75%assistantship,1个拒

4. 关于推荐信。并不一定是教授写的推荐信才有用。举个例子,我本科念的是HR,master申请的还是IRHR,给我写推荐信的三位老师中有一位是副教授(写的时候还只是讲师,之前才评上副教授),但是他是主教我industrialrelations这门课的老师,而这门课可是HR最重要的核心课程之一,所以,他的推荐信很有用,比院长给我写的更实际。美国那边有两所学校的HR系主任都跟我说,这个老师写的信起了不小的作用,他们很重视,因为他主教我核心课程,他的意见最professional。由此可见,推荐信最重要的还是要找熟悉你的、教你核心课程的人来写,即便对方是讲师,只要用语真诚,能够反应出你的特点,一样很有用。

5. 美国及加拿大学校在HR方面的排名。排名没有什么绝对的,我在这儿只向大家推荐几所我认为最好的:Univ.of Minnesota,  CornellUniversity,UIUC,Universityof South Carolina,Univ.of Toronto,Michigan State Univ,Rutgers,OhioState Univ。

其中,我认为最好的应该是UMN,有人可能会说康奈尔的HR是公认的全北美第一,有大概35位Prof.,另外还有不少AssociateProf.,但是康奈尔HR专业靠的是老底子,没有发展后劲,有些教师的研究方向开始偏向于GovernmentStructure Reengineerring还有LaborLaw。而且研究实力上其实也就和Rutgers差不多在一个水平。而明大可是在美国商科研究能力首屈一指的学校之一。

UMN的HR专业无论是从师资还是研究实力、毕业生情况来说,都是相当相当棒的,其HR专业有18位prof., 4位associateprof. ,2位assistantprof,师资堪称全北美HR专业最豪华阵容。毕业生的平均起薪不错,最重要的是,大公司对从Carlson商学院走出来的HR们非常青睐。Carlson毕业的HR们在北美结成了一张巨大的人际关系网,这有点类似于西点出身的人靠手上的那枚西点戒指也能独步世界一样。明尼苏达的HR在全美排名第2,其所隶属的Carlson管理学院全美排第23,明尼苏达大学排全美第27,大学的研究能力排全美公立高校第7,毕业生中曾出过7位诺贝尔奖获得者,所以,这样的牛校申起来还是蛮难的。它对申请者G的要求虽然不高,但是最终被录取的人,G的分数都不低。至于工作经验,是高度建议要有但不是必需的(不过最终录取的人中没有工作经验的人不多);

再说一下GSU,其实GSU这个学校虽然整体排名不怎么样,但是他的Robingson商学院还是能排上号的,尤其是Accounting和HR,都是不错的,HR Master的学生有70%左右有机会去3M、GE、GM、壳牌、Motorola之类的大公司实习,这个比率在美国商学院里还是相当高的。另外,GSU也是全美最早开设HR PhDprogram的学校之一,可见其HR各方面的功底还是不错的。不过2005年以来,GSU似乎受了点震动,其HR PhDprogram停开一年,师资出现了短缺,不过估计06年秋季应该能解决到位

Rutgers这个学校也不错,地理位置好,靠近纽约,师资也强,应用能力是所有HR学校中最强的。中国毕业生毕业后即便在美国找不到工作,学校也会极力向美国在中国的大公司推荐你就业,所以说,从以后就业的角度来考虑,Rutgers不失为一个好的选择

最后谈一下Univ.ofToronto多伦多大学,对这个学校可谓感情深厚,因为我父亲曾在这里读过HR。多大的HR在20世纪90年代初曾经引领过世界HR研究的潮流(有个叫Verma的印度教授在HR领域非常有名),这是不容否认的事实。但是,时光飞逝,实事求是的说,多大的HR现在没有UMN还有康奈尔这样的牛校强,但在北美地区还是相当相当强的。顺便说一句,UToronto的毕业生留在加拿大找工作还是基本上不成问题的,不像有的美国学校,HRmaster读完后,留在美国本土工作不是那么容易的事。

BTW, 牛校对工作经验还是比较看重的,因为课堂上讨论案例时经常会需要将你的工作经历经验拿出来与大家分享。至于这个专业对国际学生的录取率情况,我不是很清楚。我只知道个别学校的最后录取情况,拿出来与大家分享吧。我以两个学校为例,Univ.ofMinnesota at Twin Cities的HR2005年秋季共招生56人,其中国际学生12人,其中有3人来自中国大陆(包括我在内),而提出申请的人数是大约600人。PennState Univ.的HR2005秋季共招生11人,其中国际学生3人,其中1人来自中国,提出申请的人数是147人。

经常有朋友问我HR专业美国学校的排名,其实没有权威的排名,USnews也没有给出过。我这里给大家提供一个非官方的排名,是明大和MSU的教授都比较认可的一个排名,供大家参考(其中,前五的排名顺序是美国HR界公认的,学术期刊上能查到):

1. Cornell University

2. University of Minnesota at TWin Cities

3. University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign

4. Michigan State University

5. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey

6. Purdue University

7. Ohio State University

8. University of South Carolina

9. Georgia State University

10. Texas A&M University

     Pennsylvania State University


美国HR申请系列之二:对有HR的学校比较详细的分类


HR Master 不错的有:(排名仅指这几个学校放在一块儿比)

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey,    5th

Michigan State University,   4th

University of Minnesota at TWin Cities,   2nd

University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign,    3rd

Cornell University,  1st

Georgia State University,   9th

University of South Carolina,   8th

Purdue University,  7th

Ohio State University,   6th

HR Master 比较一般的有(我就不一一列举了):

Texas A&M University,   (蛮好)

Pennsylvania State University,    (蛮好)

University of New Haven,  (相对还行)

Wayne State University,

Widener University,

University of West Virginia,

Cleveland State University,   (蛮好)

Indiana University of Pennsylvania,

Loyola University Chicago,

Saint Francis University,

HR PhD 比较好的有:
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey,   (毕业后最好找工作的)

Michigan State University,  

University of Minnesota at TWin Cities,  

University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign,  

Cornell University,  

Georgia State University,  

University of Wisconsin-Madison,  

Ohio State University,

HR只是作为PhDMgt. / Business 下一个方向而已的有(不一一列举了):

University of California, Berkeley    (最强)

University of Pittsburgh,  (强)

University of Alabama,

SUNY Albany, (蛮强)

University of Oregon, (还不错)

University of Connectict, (一般)

University of South California, (很强)

University of Georgia, (蛮强的)

申请时明确不给国际学生奖学金(但是去了后可以申请RA/TA/GA)的HR Master学校:
Michigan State University,

Georgia State University,

University of New Haven,

Widener University,

Indiana University of Pennsylvania,

申请时给国际学生奖学金比较少的HRMaster学校:

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (只给Tuition Remission Scholarship)

University of West Virginia,

Cleveland State University, (只给GA或TuitionGrant)

Loyola University Chicago,

比较偏爱中国学生(根据我个人申请经验)的HRMaster的学校有:

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, (很强的学校)

University of West Virginia,

Georgia State University, (推荐)

Widener University,

University of Minnesota at Twin Cities,

Financial Aid数额比较多(但是比较难申)的HRMaster的学校有:

University of Minnesota at Twin Cities,

Cornell University,

Pennsylvania State University,

Purdue University,

University of South Carolina

申请HR PhD 及HR 方向的PhD 时材料比较繁琐的学校有:

University of Pittsburgh,  (申得我想跳楼)

University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign,

University of Alabama,

University of South California,

University of Wisconsin-Madison,

申请HR Master 在截止期后还能接受申请材料的学校有:

Georgia State University,

University of New Haven,  

Wayne State University,



美国HR申请系列之三:HR Master毕业后就业情况信息的教授回邮汇总

以下是我跟国外的教授反复联系询问毕业后的工作问题,现在汇总给HRer们

注意,这只是教授们自己的看法,或者基于当地的情况,或者基于往届生的情况,不是officialinstruction,仅供大家参考,请勿以此作为选校依据

Director of Graduate Studies & Professor from University ofMinnesota:
I don't know a lot about Cleveland State's HR program. It's not as good asMinnesota or Rutgers but it is probably comparable to Georgia State. The salarysituation you noted is generally similar for Chinese graduates of our MA HRIRprogram. Visa restrictions make for significantly reduced employmentopportunities, so students sometimes take any job they can find, even if thesalary is very low. The best way to improve your changes of employmentopportunities in the US is to get more corporate work experience in Chinabore attending graduate school.

Professor from Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
Usually, HR graduates from institutions like Cornell, Rutgers and UIUC areextremely competitive while pursuing senior positions in global labor market.However, as what you suppposed, international students from non-Englishspeaking countries will be very likely to encounter cultural conflicts orcommunication problems while finding a job in US. I don't know where you getthe employment information, but I can tell you that your friends were tellingyou the truth. If you do not have distinguished work experience bore takingour graduate program, it will be difficult for you to find internshipopportunity during the program or get a decent job here after graduation.

Department Chair & Associate Professor from Cleveland StateUNiversity
I cannot ensure you that you be accepted into a intern position during thesummmer session. But I will recommend you to some local companies which haveclose connections with Nance College. Please take it easy. Make youself herirst. Problems do exist, but you'll always find ways out as long as you keepfighting for it.  

Associate Professor from Georgia State University
Yes, there are huge job opportunities here in Atlanta. However, US companiesare always reluctant to hire Asian students, though they often prer studentsfrom India and Singapore. You may get internship offers during the program, butit can not guarantee you be employed finally (mostly because of the Visathings). I wish I could share you with more good news, but this is all I couldtell you at this moment. I'm sorry about that. And I sincerely hope this doesnot mean you will not choose our program.  

Associate Professor from Marquette University
Job offers here in Wisconsin are not as much as what you can find in eitherwestern or eastern coast. And situation is even harder for internationalstudents lacking in local cultural background. So, if you plan to find a job inUS after graduation, I strongly recommend you get more work experience borestarting our program. We would like to help you der your admission up to 4semesters if you like.

Assistant Professor from New York Institute of Technology
It depends. In your case, I would suggest you earn as much experience as youcan if you would like to find a job in NY after completing our program. As faras I know, the HRIR program offered by University of Minnesota ranks top 3among all related master programs you could probably find in USA. Carlson haskinds of links with famous enterprises around the world. That's what NYITcannot make itself paralleled to. But, I'd tell you that international studentsmay not benit from those links as much as Amercian residents do. Manyinternational HR graduates from all over the US have to go back to serve theircountry. It's not merely because of the US embassy restrictions on H1 Visa.Actually companies just find excuses to reject you during the interview, whilethe true problem is always that you may not arm yourself well with sufficientknowledge on the local labor law or you may not hold the language freely as youcan.

Associate Professor from Texas A&M University
I don't know for sure whether you will be competitive. But I can tell you thatmost of our international students always try very hard to find a job aftergraduation. And their salary is always some 20, or 30 perhaps, percent lowerthan that of American residents. It is normal all over the States, not just inTexas. I hope this could be helpful.

Assistant Professor from University of New Haven
Visa restrictons is the key. That is why most companies are always not intendedto give job offers to international students even if they are proved to beoutstanding ones during the internship. Given that international studentsfinally find a job here in US, the salary will be likely to differ a lot fromlocals. I'm not sure the difference would be $10,000 to $15,000 per year. Butit sounds reasonable. I hope you can understand that. I think you will easilyfind a job while back to China. You should schedule yoursl bore you makeany further steps.

综上所述,我觉得教授们的普遍意见都是国际学生找工作还是比较难的。前段时间和一个CSUHR master毕业的前辈聊了很长时间,她现在在Houston一家中国人开的猎头公司做猎头,起薪只有$37,000(还得扣差不多20%的税),比同期的美国同学低了1万左右。她还说这已经是比较理想的了,因为有工作总比没工作的好。她觉得自己很幸运,因为她认识的一些在Rutgers和MSU读HR的朋友都回国了,不过薪水在国内来说很高。


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