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GMAT语法知识点详解(十七).

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  从今天开始澳际留学小编会为大家整理一些有关GMAT语法的试题,并附有这些试题的讲解以及GMAT语法知识点。红色标注的为每道题的正确选项,关于每道题解析中一开始的考点说明会有列举得比较详细,建议参看的战友第一次看本笔记时先跳过那些考点说明,直接看选项分析,有不懂的点再回头核对相关知识点。为不强加思维于众考生,笔记里面大多题目并没有点出做题的思维方式,只分析了错误的语法点。希望这些分析以及相关语法知识能帮到大家。更多相关问题可咨询澳际留学在线专家,如果有任何意见和建议,也请联系我们。

205. (T-9-Q15)

  The commission’s office of compliance, inspections, and investigations plans to intensify its scrutiny of stock analysts to investigate not only whether research is an independent function at brokerage firms, but also whether conflicts result when analysts own the stocks they write about or when they are paid for their work by a firm’s investment banking division.

  A. to investigate not only whether research is an independent function at brokerage firms, but also whether conflicts result when analysts own the stocks they write about or when they are

  B. to investigate not only whether research is an independent function at brokerage firms, but also if conflicts result when analysts own the stocks they write about or they are

  C. to not only investigate whether or not research is an independent function at brokerage firms, but also if conflicts result when analysts own the stocks they write about or are

  D. not only to investigate whether or not research is an independent function at brokerage firms, but also whether conflicts result when analysts own the stocks they write about or are (A)

  E. not only to investigate whether research is an independent function at brokerage firms, but also whether conflicts result when analysts own the stocks they write about or when

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  题目释义:The commission’s office of compliance and investigations plans to…to investigate not only whether…, but also whether… when analysts…or when they are…

  考点:

  平行结构(parallelism) 习惯用语(idiom)

  1. not only…but also

  重新摘录一下前面提到过的用法:

  首先Not only…..but (also)表示的关系是递进, 其中also可以省略……….But/but also表示的是转折.

  not only ...but also表示并列,不能表示转折,不要有先入为主的感觉认为not only...but also必须一起出现。单独出现but also是可能的。

  1) 在正常语序中: not only … but also 应连接两个相对称的并列成分。

  在正常语序中: 短语本身不可以加入其它成份,比如变成:not only...but it also...是错误的(因为破坏了平衡)。

  2) not only … but also 连接两个主语时,谓语动词要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。

  3) not only … but also 不能用在否定句中。

  4) not only … but also 连接两个分句,并且 not only 位于句首时,第一个分句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。

  2. whether or not的使用:(见the handbook of good english)

  1) 在引导宾从的时候只能够用whether,而不能加or not,否则累赘

  2) 在引导状从的时候必须加上or not,即whether or not.

  3. whether表示列举时候的用法:Whether A, B, or C.

  选项分析:

  A. correct。Not noly…but also前后对称;Whether后省略or not正确;Or前后平行对称。

  B. if在书面语中不能表示“是否”,只能表示“如果”,所以应该使用whether,且not only…but also前后不对称;Or前后不对称。

  C. whether or not不简洁;If错误同B;not only后面跟了动词,but also后面不对称;Or错误同B。

  D. whether错误同C;or错误同B。

  E. not only…but also前后不对称;or错误同B。

  206. (GWD-21-Q29)

  While studying the genetic makeup of corn, a new class of mutant genes was discovered by Barbara McClintock, a discovery which led to greater understanding of cell differentiation.

  A. a new class of mutant genes was discovered by Barbara McClintock, a discovery which led

  B. a new class of mutant genes in corn were discovered by Barbara McClintock, leading

  C. Barbara McClintock discovered a new class of mutant genes, and it led

  D. Barbara McClintock discovered a new class of mutant genes, a discovery that led (D)

  E. Barbara McClintock, who discovered a new class of mutant genes, leading

  题目释义:while studying the genetic makeup of corn,Barbara McClintock discovered…,a discovery that led…

  考点:

  逻辑意思(logical predication) 句子结构(grammatical construction)

  1. 状语从句的省略:

  1) 两点省略要求:

  第一点是毫无疑问的:逻辑主语等于句子主语

  第二点也是必须的:从句的谓语必需是be(没要求主句谓语也必需是be!换句话说状从的省略可以看成是省略了一个be),且从句主语和谓语要么同省,要么同留。

  2)形式

  (1) 正确形式: 表示时间/条件/转折/让步的连词(when/while/if/unless/although/even though/even if) + 形容词短语/-ing短语/-ed短语

  (逻辑主语等于句子主语) (所以when a child/ when children是错的; if + n.也是错的)

  (2) 错误形式:表示时间/条件/转折的连词 + 介词短语/名词短语 (although just inside the orbit of Jupiter是错的)(OG10-69)

  (3) 特殊情况:once可以加介词短语/名词短语; whatever可以加名词短语

  2. 同位语结构

  选项分析:

  A. While studying状语从句的省略在句首,studying的逻辑主语为句子主语,执行studying动作的应该是人,a new class of mutant genes错误;要用that引导限制性定语从句。

  B. 逻辑主语错误同A。leading在句尾做伴随结果,逻辑主语Barbara McClintock错误。

  C. It不能指代前面整句因此无指代对象,最好用同位语。

  D. Correct;逻辑主语正确;A discovery作为同位语指代前句,that引导限定性定语从句修饰a discovery

  E. who…genes作为插入语出现;整个句子缺少谓语动词。

  相关链接

1.GMAT语法知识点详解(十六)

2.GMAT语法常用词汇表

3.GMAT语法必备知识点汇总

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