GMAT语法知识点详解（三）.

　　从今天开始澳际留学小编会为大家整理一些有关GMAT语法的试题，并附有这些试题的讲解以及GMAT语法知识点。红色标注的为每道题的正确选项，关于每道题解析中一开始的考点说明会有列举得比较详细，建议参看的战友第一次看本笔记时先跳过那些考点说明，直接看选项分析，有不懂的点再回头核对相关知识点。为不强加思维于众考生，笔记里面大多题目并没有点出做题的思维方式，只分析了错误的语法点。希望这些分析以及相关语法知识能帮到大家。更多相关问题可咨询澳际留学在线专家，如果有任何意见和建议，也请联系我们。

174.

　　Often major economic shifts are so gradual as to be indistinguishable at first from ordinary fluctuations in the financial markets.

　　A. so gradual as to be indistinguishable

　　B. so gradual so that they can be indistinguishable

　　C. so gradual that they are unable to be distinguished

　　D. gradual enough not to be distinguishable (A)

　　E. gradual enough so that one cannot distinguish them

　　句子结构：Often major economic shifts are so … as to be…

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　　考点：

　　1. so …that V.S. so … as to be/do的用法：

　　so … that可以用作多个主语时，so前面的主语和that后面的主语可以不一样;

　　so … as to be/do一般用于单一主语，但是不能相隔太远，否则可以视为错误

　　原理：so … as to事实上是三个结构的结合，so引出的是状语，as指代句子前面的核心含义，to是不定式引导状语结构(adverbial structure)，此不定式修饰的正是前面的核心动词以及该动词的逻辑主语，所以只有当前面只有一个核心动词而且很明确的时候才能够用so…as to，也正因为修饰成分离被修饰词过远会造成修饰不清，所以to be/do结构不能与前面动词不能太远。

　　2. 关于enough：

　　enough的固定搭配：

　　enough for sb. 对某人来说足够了

　　enough to do something 足够做某事

　　错误搭配：(X) enough + ”that / so as to / so to / so that”。

　　(参考prep语法笔记2-94)enough to, so/such…that…, so/such…as to三者都表示结果,区别在于:enough to表示主观满足,在标准书面语中很少使用; so/such...that不用考虑逻辑主语问题; so/such...as to逻辑主语等于句子主语,即句子主语可以执行as to后面动词所表达的作用

　　选项分析：

　　A. Correct. 主句为简单主系表结构

　　B. so...so that搭配错误(Incorrect Idiom)

　　C. able/unable to be done的结构错误

　　D. enough偏向于主观判断，不符合逻辑语境;not to be distinguishable不如to be indistinguishable简洁

　　E. enough so that错误搭配(Incorrect Idiom)

　　参考例题1：

　　OG10-171. In 1527 King Henry VIII sought to have his marriage to Queen Catherine annulled so as to marry Anne Boleyn.

　　(A) so as to marry

　　(B) and so could be married to

　　(C) to be married to

　　(D) so that he could marry

　　(E) in order that he would marry

　　Key: D

　　补充说明：

　　关于so as to连写。So as to跟to并不是完全对等的!so as to里面有as这个连词，隔开前后，前面的统统是过程，后面统统是目的，而to没有连词，如果to do做状语，修饰的是最近谓语动词。

　　参考例题2:

　　738. The Emperor Augustus, it appears, commissioned an idealized sculptured portrait, the features of which are so unrealistic as to constitute what one scholar calls an “artificial face.”

　　A. so unrealistic as to constitute

　　B. so unrealistic they constituted

　　C. so unrealistic that they have constituted

　　D. unrealistic enough so that they constitute(A)

　　E. unrealistic enough so as to constitute

　　Key: A

　　解析：constitute的动作发出者是features很明确，所以可以用so…as to…

　　constitute可以做linking verb，也可以做transitive verb，在本题是linking verb.

　　[linking verb, not in progressive]

　　to be considered to be something

　　Failing to complete the work constitutes a breach of the employment contract.

　　The rise in crime constitutes a threat to society.

　　[linking verb, not in progressive]

　　if several people or things constitute something, they are the parts that form it

　　We must redine what constitutes a family.

　　[T usually in passive] formal

　　to officially form a group or organization

　　The Federation was constituted in 1949.

　　OG的解释：

　　The verbs are and calls indicate that the sculpture is being viewed and judged in the present. Thus, neither the past tense verb constituted (in B) nor the present perfect verb have constituted (in C) is correct; both suggest that the statue’s features once constituted an artificial face but no longer do so. Also, B would be better if that were inserted after so unrealistic, although the omission of that is not ungrammatical. Choices D and E use unidiomatic constructions with enough: unrealistic enough to constitute would be idiomatic, but the use of enough is imprecise and awkward in this context. Choice A, which uses the clear, concise, and idiomatic construction so unrealistic as to constitute, is best.

　　175.

　　Experts estimate that ten times as much petroleum exists in sources like tar sands, heavy oil, and perhaps even in shale than in conventional reservoirs.

　　A.sources like tar sands, heavy oil, and perhaps even in shale than

　　B.sources like tar sands, heavy oil, and perhaps even in shale than are

　　C.such sources as tar sands, heavy oil, and perhaps even in shale as are

　　D. such sources as tar sands, heavy oil, and perhaps even shale as答案(D)

　　E. such sources as tar sands, heavy oil, and perhaps even shale than

　　句子结构：Experts estimate that ten times as much petroleum exists in … as in …

　　考点：

　　1. as much … as平行结构固定搭配

　　2. ten times as much + subject + verb. + prep. phrase + as + (subject + verb.) + prep. phrase固定比较结构。

　　3. such as表示列举，列举末尾不能跟etc.;like在正式语体里只表示比较，不表示列举，且遵循严格比较结构的对称。

　　4. N1,N2,and N3并列，and N3前面的逗号作为强调。

　　选项分析：

　　A. like在正式语体里只表示比较，不表示列举，应该改为such as;as much… than错误，应该改为as much … as

　　B. like在正式语体里只表示比较，不表示列举，应该改为such as;系动词are没有与其并列的词，且多余

　　C. In多余，造成such as列举的三个并列成分不平行;系动词are没有与其并列的词，多余

　　D. Correct;通过such…as迅速排除A,B，通过as much … as排除E，通过such as列举的三个成分并列平行排除in

　　E. as much… than错误，应该改为as much … as

　　相关链接：

1.GMAT语法OG知识点集锦

2.GMAT语法知识点详解（二）

3.750分考生谈GMAT语法复习方法