托福阅读长难句分析（9）

1. The particular symbolic significance of the cave paintings in southwestern France is more explicitly revealed, perhaps, by the results of a study conducted by researchers Patricia Rice and Ann Paterson.

译文：研究者Patricia Rice and Ann Paterson所做研究的结果更清楚地揭示了法国东南部的岩洞画的特殊象征性意义。

结构分析：主干信息非常简单，被动句式， significance of the cave paintings is revealed by the results of a study；significance由两个形容词particular symbolic以及介词短语of the cave paintings来修饰；in southwestern France地点短语理解时可忽略；revealed由more explicitly副词来修饰；conducted.......v+ed短语作后置定语修饰study。

2. In addition to finding an increase of suitable browse, like huckleberry and vine maple, Arthur Einarsen, longtime game biologist in the Pacific Northwest, found quality of browse in the open areas to be substantially more nutritive.

译文：除了去寻找更多的适合的嫩草，比如越橘类和藤枫，太平洋西北的生物学家Arthur Einarsen发现在空旷地区的高质量的嫩草大部分都更有营养。

结构分析：主干结构很简单：Arthur Einarsen found quality of browse in the open areas to be substantially more nutritive；in addition to.......并列结构状语；like举例引导词，对 suitable browse进行具体描述；longtime game biologist in the Pacific Northwest 作同位语对Arthur Einarsen进行解释。

3. Some analysts also contend that the number of birds killed by wind turbines is dwarfed by birds killed by other human-related sources and by the potential loss of entire bird species from possible global warming.

译文：一些分析家认为，由风力涡轮机导致的鸟类的死亡数目，和由其他人为原因造成的死亡数目以及整个鸟类因全球变暖而死亡的数目相比，是少之甚少。

结构分析：that引导宾语从句，做contend的宾语；从句中第一个killed by作后置定语修饰第一个birds；第二个killed by 同样作后置定语修饰第二个birds；and 连接第二个by以及第三个by，都是对第二个birds的修饰，完整表达应为birds killed by other human-related sources and birds killed by.........，这里出于简洁原则，并列中省略了birds killed；因此，这句话的主干是被动句式，the number of birds....... is dwarfed by birds.......。

4. These plants are termed opportunists because they rely on their seeds’ falling into settings where competing plants have been removed by natural processes, such as along an eroding riverbank, on landslips, or where a tree falls and creates a gap in the forest canopy.

译文：这些植物被称为机会主义者，因为他们依靠其种子落入那些竞争者们已经被大自然淘汰了的地方去生长，如被侵蚀了的河岸、山崩之处，或者因树木倒下而形成的森林冠层的空隙处。

结构分析：因果逻辑关系，because引导状语从句；动名词组their seeds’ falling into settings做从句中的宾语；，where引导的定语从句修饰settings；such举例引导词，对 natural processes进行具体描述；or 连接第一个where以及第二个where，都是对settings的修饰。

5. Alternatively, stability can be defined as the speed with which an ecosystem returns to a particular form following a major disturbance, such as a fire.

译文：另外，稳定性也可以被定义为生态系统在经历了严重破坏（比如火灾）之后恢复原貌的速度。

结构分析：主干比较简单，stability can be defined as the speed ；with which引导定语从句修饰speed；following在…之后。